Navigating the changes that come with aging can be confusing, especially when it comes to perimenopause and menopause. Though often used interchangeably, these terms refer to distinct phases in a woman’s reproductive journey. Let’s break down what each stage means, how they differ, and what you can expect.
What is perimenopause?
Perimenopause is the transitional phase leading up to menopause. It typically begins in your 40s but can start as early as your mid-30s and last anywhere from two to 10 years. During perimenopause, your ovaries produce less estrogen, which may cause hormone levels to fluctuate wildly. This can lead to irregular periods and other symptoms. It’s important to note that during this phase, you can still get pregnant.
Common symptoms of perimenopause include irregular periods, hot flashes and night sweats, mood swings and irritability, sleep disturbances, brain fog or memory lapses, decreased libido, and weight gain, especially around the abdomen.
What is menopause?
Menopause is medically diagnosed after 12 consecutive months without a menstrual period. The average age of menopause in the U.S. is around 51. At this point, the ovaries have stopped releasing eggs, and estrogen production has significantly declined.
Unlike perimenopause, menopause is not a process — it’s a milestone. Once you’ve reached it, you are considered postmenopausal for the rest of your life.
Symptoms of menopause may include persistent hot flashes and night sweats, vaginal dryness and discomfort during intimacy, sleep issues, thinning hair and dry skin, slower metabolism and weight gain, and increased risk of osteoporosis due to bone loss.
Why it matters
No one should have to grit their teeth through this confusing time and suffer. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, talk to your provider. Being well-informed and having an OB/GYN oversee your journey will make it less stressful when managing symptoms, exploring hormone therapy, or adjusting your lifestyle.